Solar cells can become more cheaper for us

Researchers have found that more and more types of thin-film solar cells for the manufacture of giving it a growing role in the ambient air, more and more types of ambient air for the production of solar cells to give it a growth role. This may allow the manufacture of solar cells significantly cheaper, published in Materials Chemistry.

Because the harvest of light found its application for electricity in 2009, applied research of solar cells has been skyrocketing. Manufacturing technology being developed around the world to enhance their power conversion efficiency. By making the material easier to mass production OIST research gives perovskite solar arm and then shot.

Previous studies have concluded that exposure to perovskite films to ambient air harmful because water and perovskite, which degraded over time response. Therefore, it was felt that the material had to be prepared to use heat in the water environment is called annealing.

During 45 minutes of annealing contained OIST researchers to investigate the impact of water on the formation of perovskite at temperatures between 105-125 degrees Celsius. They grew up in a perovskite, and has been proven to work better solar cells. Then, they compared the perovskite thin film is formed and it is formed in a nitrogen atmosphere in humid air, and the film was found to improve the growth actually receiving a lead larger than the grain size is usually carried out in the presence of moisture. The film growth is slow, so that large particles can be formed.

Larger grains of perovskite solar cells more efficient. Highest efficiency achieved by studying 12.7%. The other teams have achieved higher efficiency results in OIST ensure future industry does not have to invest in expensive climate control mechanisms to keep moisture down to one millionth. Unrelated to the cost of air annealing.

Overall, 12.7% of the efficiency by no means limit this manufacturing technique, and it is possible to obtain larger grain size. Although the global research and development to continue to improve the efficiency of solar cells, these results may provide a way to boost the industry.

The technological innovation of solar cell module

Recently, the solar power system is relatively popular, many families and factories have been installed the system, which includes solar panels, battery modules, inverters, controllers, etc. The efficiency of the battery pack which is a very important part of the  system ,today let's have take a look at what the solar cell technology innovation.

According to Tigo Energy, a manufacturer of power optimizer module level, a string of energy output can be increased up to 20%, by using such a module-level power optimization program. However, a more realistic figure of 3% is recently reported in the United States, a 113 kilowatts systems using embedded with Tigo power optimization technology, Trina "Trinasmart" group commissioned cobalt supply.

By adding a module to the DC power optimizer, current and voltage output can be controlled so that the string current than by the shadow module damage. Further, by limiting the voltage, so that the module is allowed to output to the maximum power point, but less than the open circuit voltage, a plurality of modules can be safely connected to the same pv inverter. Through all the modules in the system for such power optimization, the net energy output can be significantly improved, especially for medium and large-scale photovoltaic systems.

At the module level integrated electronics can also make the module-level monitoring and individual modules, which can make the module more secure, and cost-effective maintenance remote disconnection of individual modules as needed. All of these electronics, including power optimization, which can be incorporated into the module junction box - making it easier for module manufacturers to adopt the technology.

The concept of embedded Optimizer is not new, and the first such intelligent modules using National Semiconductor's "The SolarMagic" technology being produced in 2010 GESOLAR. However, SolarEdge's technology has proven to be quite popular, now account for 70 percent of the global market component shipments. SolarEdge has also begun jointly with the panel manufacturer, with industry giants such as Yuhui Solar and LDK and other modular integration of the technology.

However, the advantage of module-level power optimization is not limited to these newer intelligent modules. For the system owner wants to redesign their systems or simply to maximize the power of their existing module, power-optimized electronics market may simply up to the existing standard module junction box - for example by SolarEdge courses.

In a significant development, PV module certification body, TÜV, announced a new certification process to assess the reliability of the intelligence module. The new certification test with the existing standards of reliability testing to produce a series of new test procedures, rigorous testing of AC and DC intelligent modules. Three or more different modules have been tested and certified rating agencies.

This importance of embedded power optimizers and the increasing availability of raised questions about its reliability and pressure standards and certification bodies, their current testing standards apply only to standard modules. In this regard, module manufacturers, and more importantly, the PV power plant operators have recognized the new certification process. If their recognition is any indicator, market growth seem positive affirmation intelligent modules.