Structure and working principle of photovoltaic inverters

The inverter is mainly composed of switching elements such as transistors, so that by regularly repeated switching elements - off, the DC input to AC output. Of course, this is simply a solar inverter wholesale output waveform generated by the circuit on and off is not practical. Generally require the use of high-frequency pulse width modulation, so close to the sine wave voltage across the width becomes narrow, the center of the sine wave voltage of wider width, and in a half-cycle so that the switching element is always in one direction at a certain frequency operation, so that the formation of a pulse wave columns. Then let the pulse forming a simple sine wave filters.

The inverter is a power adjustment device consisting of a semiconductor device, is mainly used to convert the DC power into AC power. Generally consists of a boost circuit and an inverter bridge circuit. Boosting circuit boosting the DC voltage of the solar cell to the inverter output control required DC voltage; DC voltage of the inverter bridge circuit put boosted equivalently converted into a common frequency AC voltage.

AC inverter only has direct conversion function, it also has to maximize the performance of the solar cell functions and system fault protection. Summed up automatically run and stop function, the maximum power tracking control, anti-run single function, automatic voltage adjustment, DC detection, DC ground detection. Here a brief self-running and stop function and maximum power tracking control.

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The morning after sunrise, solar radiation intensity gradually increased, the output of solar cells also increased, when the work required to achieve the output power of the inverter, the inverter automatically starts running. After entering operation, the inverter output will always monitors the solar cell module, as long as the required output power of the solar cell module is greater than the output power of inverter operation, the Hybrid Inverter will continue to run until sunset shutdown, even rainy days The inverter can also run. When the output of solar modules become smaller, the inverter output close to 0:00, the inverter will form a standby state.

The output of the solar cell module is vary with the intensity of solar radiation and temperature of the solar cell module itself. In addition, as the solar cell module having a voltage drop with the increase of the current characteristics, so there can be obtain the optimum operating point of maximum power. Solar radiation intensity is changing, apparently optimal operating point is changing. In contrast to these changes, and always let the operating point of solar modules at maximum power point, the system always get the maximum power output from the solar module, this control is the maximum power tracking control. Most important feature of solar power inverter system is included with the maximum power point tracking this feature.